Parte de:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ep\u00edstolas plat\u00f3nicas \/ Carta VII<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd [351\u03be]<\/b> \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bc\u1fc3 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd. \u039f\u1f55\u03c4\u03c9 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u03bf\u1f54\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u1f54\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u1f72 \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u03b5\u1f76\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd \u1f11\u03ba\u1f7c\u03bd \u03b5\u1f36\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u1f00\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f00\u03b5\u1f76 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd, \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u1f74\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf\u1f54 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u1fbd \u1f40\u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c6\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b3\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd: \u1f03 \u03b4\u1f74 \u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u1fe6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u03c1\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1f45\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u1fbd \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03bb\u03b8\u1f7c\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd [351\u03b4]<\/b> \u1f10\u03c7\u03b8\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd, \u03b8\u03b1\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u1f7c\u03bd \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u03ad\u03bd. \u1f4d\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f04\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9, \u03c3\u03ce\u03c6\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f14\u03bc\u03c6\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u1f78 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u1f45\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f04\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b7 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9, \u03ba\u03c5\u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u1f34\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f50 \u03b8\u03b1\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30 \u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03b9, \u1f43\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u1f7c\u03bd \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f02\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c5 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03b9, \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f10\u03be\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03cc\u03ba\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fbd \u1f02\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bb\u03b1\u03b8\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03bd \u03b2\u03af\u1fb3. \u03a4\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b4\u1f74 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u0394\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c6\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03bd: \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03cc\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f14\u03bb\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u1f31 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ae\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u1f45\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f55\u03c8\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 [351\u03b5]<\/b> \u03b5\u1f36\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u1f14\u03bb\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03bd, \u1fa7 \u03b4\u1f74 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1f76\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03a3\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u1f7c\u03bd \u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u1ff3.<\/span><\/p>\n

LSJ<\/a><\/p>\n

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Ep\u00edstola VII (025)<\/span><\/h1>\n

Mas en llegando al Peloponeso, a Olimpia, me encontr\u00e9 con Di\u00f3n de espectador de los juegos X*aX,1<\/a><\/sup>Los juegos del a\u00f1o 360 a.C.<\/span> y le cont\u00e9 lo sucedido. Empero Di\u00f3n, poniendo por testigo a J\u00fapiter, nos exhort\u00f3 a m\u00ed, a mis familiares y amigos a preparar el vengarnos de [350c]<\/b> Dionisio; nosotros, a causa de su traici\u00f3n a los hu\u00e9spedes \u2014que as\u00ed la llam\u00f3 y juzg\u00f3 Di\u00f3n; \u00e9l, por la injusta expulsi\u00f3n y exilio. En oy\u00e9ndole, le exig\u00ed que tal exhortaci\u00f3n la hiciera a los amigos, a ver si quer\u00edan. \u00abPero en cuanto a m\u00ed\u00bb, dije, \u00abt\u00fa, con otros, me hicisteis ser a la fuerza de alguna manera copart\u00edcipe de mesa, hogar y ritos sagrados de Dionisio; quien tal vez crey\u00f3, \u00a1tantos eran los calumniadores!, que yo conspiraba contigo contra \u00e9l y la tiran\u00eda; y, no obstante esto, no me mat\u00f3; m\u00e1s bien me respet\u00f3. Ni tengo ya [350d]<\/b> edad para hacer con alguien la guerra contra quien sea; contadme como uno de los vuestros si, alguna vez, necesitados de amigos, quer\u00e9is hacer algo bueno. Pero mientras quer\u00e1is algo malo, acudid a otros\u00bb. Tal dije; \u00a1tan odiosas me eran peregrinaci\u00f3n y mala suerte en Sicilia! Pero por no escuchar ni atender a mis conciliatorias indicaciones, hici\u00e9ronse ellos a s\u00ed mismo causa de los males que ahora les sobrevinieron, ninguno de los cuales habr\u00eda tal vez venido \u2014de esos que son bien humanos males\u2014 si Dionisio hubiera entregado [350e]<\/b> sus bienes a Di\u00f3n o reconcili\u00e1ndose plenamente con \u00e9l, \u2014que, a Di\u00f3n, ten\u00eda yo querer y poder para contenerlo m\u00e1s f\u00e1cilmente. Mas ahora ellos, por sus encontrados intereses, han [351a]<\/b> llenado todo de males. Aunque, de seguro, Di\u00f3n ten\u00eda el mismo deseo que yo afirmar\u00eda deber tener tanto yo como otro cualquiera que, modestamente, piense respecto de su poder, de los amigos y de la propia Ciudad; el de que, haci\u00e9ndose, en la medida de sus poderes, y en los cargos, su bienhechor es como se obtiene lo m\u00e1ximo en los m\u00e1ximos poderes y cargos. Mas no es as\u00ed en el caso de que alguien se haga rico a s\u00ed mismo, a sus compa\u00f1eros y Ciudad conspirando y reuniendo conjurados, de pobre que era e incapaz de ser se\u00f1or de s\u00ed mismo, vencido por la cobard\u00eda ante los placeres, [351b]<\/b> despu\u00e9s haga matar a los poseedores de riquezas, llam\u00e1ndolos enemigos suyos; reparta sus bienes entre colaboradores y compa\u00f1eros X*bX,2<\/a><\/sup>Dionisio el Viejo areng\u00f3 al pueblo a confiscar los bienes de los ricos y matar a sus due\u00f1os.<\/span> advirti\u00e9ndoles de que nadie le reproche diciendo que es pobre. Lo mismo, respecto de quien es honrado por una Ciudad por beneficiarla de esa manera: repartir, por decreto, a muchos lo de unos pocos; o porque, puesto al frente de una Ciudad grande que manda sobre muchas peque\u00f1as, reparte, y no seg\u00fan justicia, los bienes de las m\u00e1s peque\u00f1as. [351c]<\/b> Por cierto que ni Di\u00f3n ni otro alguno va a querer voluntariamente X*cX3<\/a><\/sup>En congruencia con la m\u00e1xima socr\u00e1tica: \u00abnadie hace el mal voluntariamente\u00bb.<\/span> para s\u00ed mismo y para su raza, para siempre, un poder maldito, sino m\u00e1s bien un r\u00e9gimen pol\u00edtico y el establecimiento de leyes las mejores y m\u00e1s justas, y ni tan s\u00f3lo un r\u00e9gimen surgido de poqu\u00edsimas muertes y exilios. En efecto: Di\u00f3n ha hecho ahora eso: preferir padecer obras imp\u00edas a hacerlas X*dX,4<\/a><\/sup>Tema tratado en Gorgias<\/i> 508b ss.; en la Rep\u00fablica<\/i> (en sentido pol\u00e9mico: 344a ss.; 358e ss.).<\/span> \u2014aunque cuid\u00e1ndose bien de no padecerlas. No obstante, a punto ya de prevalecer sobre sus enemigos, [351d]<\/b> tropez\u00f3. Nada de extraordinario tiene lo que le pas\u00f3, porque var\u00f3n piadoso, sapiente y sensato, no se enga\u00f1ar\u00e1, tal vez, en total, respecto del alma de los imp\u00edos. Mas nada tendr\u00eda de sorprendente el que le pasara, tal vez, lo que a buen piloto: no ocult\u00e1rsele del todo inminente tempestad; mas s\u00ed, su extraordinaria e imprevisible magnitud; y, por ocult\u00e1rsele eso, inevitablemente se ahogara. Por esas mismas peque\u00f1eces cay\u00f3 Di\u00f3n. No se le ocultaba cu\u00e1n grande era la malicia de quienes le empujaban; pero se le ocult\u00f3 lo [351e]<\/b> que ten\u00edan de profundas su ignorancia, adem\u00e1s de su perversidad y voracidad. Por eso precisamente cay\u00f3; descansa; inmenso duelo envuelve a Sicilia.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Conversaciones en el Atrium<\/span><\/h1>\n

EN CONSTRVCCION<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Perge ad sequ\u0113ns caput<\/a><\/p>\n

Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n

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