Platonis Parmenides<\/span><\/p>\n 138 c – 138 d<\/span><\/p>\n\n [138\u03be] \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c4\u03bf \u1f04\u03bd: \u03b1\u1f57\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/span><\/p>\n \u03bd\u03b1\u03af.<\/span><\/p>\n \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f13\u03bd \u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f13\u03bd \u1f14\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9.<\/span><\/p>\n \u1f00\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd.<\/span><\/p>\n \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f04\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03af\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/span><\/p>\n \u03bf\u1f50 \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/span><\/p>\n \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1fbd \u1f06\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9;<\/span><\/p>\n \u1f34\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2.<\/span><\/p>\n \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30 \u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f15\u03bd, \u1f24\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u1ff3 \u1f22 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u1f11\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u1f10\u03be \u1f11\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2.<\/span><\/p>\n \u1f00\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7.<\/span><\/p>\n \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u1ff3 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6: \u1fa7 \u03b4\u1f72 [138\u03b4] \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9, \u03c4\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u1f74 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u1ff3 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03b8\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9;<\/span><\/p>\n \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1.<\/span><\/p>\n \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1f70 \u03b4\u1f74 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u1f00\u03bc\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b2\u03bf\u03bd \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b8\u03b9 \u03b3\u03af\u03b3\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f55\u03c4\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9;<\/span><\/p>\n \u03b5\u1f34\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03b3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03ae.<\/span><\/p>\n \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f14\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f00\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7;<\/span><\/p>\n \u03bd\u03b1\u03af.<\/span><\/p>\n \u1f06\u03c1\u1fbd \u03bf\u1f56\u03bd \u03b3\u03af\u03b3\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f14\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f00\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd;<\/span><\/p>\n \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f10\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u1ff6 \u1f45\u03c0\u1fc3.<\/span><\/p>\n \u03b5\u1f30 \u1f14\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff4 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b3\u03af\u03b3\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f00\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c9 \u1f10\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u1ff3 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f14\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f10\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03b3\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd, \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f14\u03be\u03c9 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd, \u03b5\u1f34\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f24\u03b4\u03b7 \u1f10\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03b3\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9;<\/span><\/p>\n \u1f00\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7.<\/span><\/p>\n \u03b5\u1f30 \u1f04\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9<\/span><\/p>\n Perge ad sequens caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad indicem<\/p>\n [138 c] Mas, alterado, es imposible que Lo<\/i> Uno sea uno consigo mismo.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Es imposible.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Luego no se mover\u00e1 por alteraci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Parece que no.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 \u00bfMas por trasladarse?<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Tal vez.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Mas, si se trasladare, o bien rotar\u00eda en el mismo c\u00edrculo o cambiar\u00eda de un lugar a otro.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Necesariamente.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 \u00bfNo es, pues, necesario que lo llevado en c\u00edrculo se apoye en el centro y que las partes movidas al derredor del centro sean otras partes de s\u00ed mismo? Empero, a lo que [138 d] no conviene eso de centro y de partes, \u00bfqu\u00e9 artificio hay para transportarlo circularmente al derredor del centro?<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Ninguno.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Mas cambiando de lugar, haci\u00e9ndose de aqu\u00ed para all\u00e1, \u00bfno suceder\u00e1 que as\u00ed se mueva?<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Pudiera ser as\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Pero, \u00bfno qued\u00f3 en claro ser imposible que est\u00e9 en otro?<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 S\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 \u00bfNo ser\u00e1 much\u00edsimo m\u00e1s imposible el hacerse?<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 No entiendo c\u00f3mo.<\/span><\/p>\n [64] \u2014Si algo h\u00e1cese en alguien, \u00bfno es necesario que, mientras se hace no est\u00e9 en \u00e9l, mi que de todo en todo est\u00e9 fuera de \u00e9l, puesto que ya est\u00e1 haci\u00e9ndose?<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Es necesario.<\/span><\/p>\n Perge ad sequens caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad indicem<\/p>\n [63] \u2014 S\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Pero si lo uno se alterase en s\u00ed mismo, es imposible que siguiera siendo uno.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Imposible.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 En consecuencia, no se mueve, al menos por alteraci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 No, evidentemente.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 \u00bfLo har\u00e1, entonces, por desplazamiento?<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Tal vez.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Sin embargo, si lo uno se desplazase, o bien girar\u00eda en c\u00edrculo en el mismo lugar o bien cambiar\u00eda de un lugar a otro.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Necesariamente.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Si girase en c\u00edrculo, \u00bfno tendr\u00eda, necesariamente, como punto de apoyo un centro, y las otras partes de s\u00ed mismo desplaz\u00e1ndose alrededor de ese centro? Pero, a aquello a lo que no le corresponde tener centro ni partes, [138 d] \u00bfqu\u00e9 medio hay de que tenga una rotaci\u00f3n circular sobre su centro?<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Ninguno.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 \u00bfSer\u00e1, entonces, cambiando de lugar como llega a estar en diferentes lugares en diferentes momentos, y es as\u00ed como se mueve?<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 S\u00ed, si es que se mueve.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 \u00bfPero no hab\u00edamos visto que era imposible para \u00e9l estar en algo?<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 S\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 \u00bfY no es a\u00fan m\u00e1s imposible que llegue a ser X83X?1<\/a><\/sup>Traduzco aqu\u00ed, como en casi todos los casos, el verbo \u03b3\u03af\u03b3\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 por \u00abllegar a ser\u00bb, que prefiero al neologismo \u00abdevenir\u00bb.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 No veo por qu\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Si una cosa llega a ser en algo, \u00bfno es necesario que no est\u00e9 a\u00fan en ese algo mientras est\u00e1 llegando a ser, [64] ni que est\u00e9 a\u00fan absolutamente fuera de ese algo, si es que est\u00e1, precisamente, llegando a ser en \u00e9l?<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014 Necesario.<\/span><\/p>\n X83X = Traduzco aqu\u00ed, como en casi todos los casos, el verbo \u03b3\u03af\u03b3\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 por \u00abllegar a ser\u00bb, que prefiero al neologismo \u00abdevenir\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n Perge ad sequens caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad indicem<\/p>\n [138c] \u201cBecause if in motion it would be either moving in place or changing; for those are the only kinds of motion.\u201d \u201cYes.\u201d \u201cBut the one, if changing to something other than itself, cannot any longer be one.\u201d \u201cIt cannot.\u201d \u201cThen it is not in motion by the method of change.\u201d \u201cApparently not.\u201d \u201cBut by moving in place?\u201d \u201cPerhaps.\u201d \u201cBut if the one moved in place, it would either revolve in the same spot or pass from one place to another.\u201d \u201cYes, it must do so.\u201d \u201cAnd that which revolves must rest upon a center and have other parts which turn about the center; [138d] but what possible way is there for that which has no center and no parts to revolve upon a center?\u201d \u201cThere is none.\u201d \u201cBut does it change its place by coming into one place at one time and another at another, and move in that way?\u201d \u201cYes, if it moves at all.\u201d \u201cDid we not find that it could not be in anything?\u201d \u201cYes.\u201d \u201cAnd is it not still more impossible for it to come into anything?\u201d \u201cI do not understand why.\u201d \u201cIf anything comes into anything, it must be not yet in it, while it is still coming in, nor still entirely outside of it, if it is already coming in, must it not?\u201d \u201cIt must.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2<\/span><\/h1>\n
Parm\u00e9nides (Caracas)<\/span><\/h1>\n
Parm\u00e9nides (Madrid)<\/span><\/h1>\n
Algunas aclaraciones<\/span><\/h2>\n
Parmenides<\/span><\/h1>\n