\u00abSobre la Apolog\u00eda de S\u00f3crates y el Crit\u00f3n de Plat\u00f3n\u00bb \/ II<\/span><\/p>\n Le\u014dnardus Str\u016bthi\u014d (1899-1973)<\/span><\/p>\n \u0112RVD\u012aTI\u014cRIBVS <\/span>***<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n La consideraci\u00f3n de lo justo ocupa externamente el <\/span>centro de <\/span>argumentaci\u00f3n de Crit\u00f3n<\/a>. En la respuesta de <\/span>S\u00f3crates s<\/span>e convierte en la consideraci\u00f3n primaria y principal, por no decir la \u00fanica. Para justificar este cambio, S\u00f3crates tiene que cuestionar la premisa fundamental de Crit\u00f3n de que se debe respetar la opini\u00f3n de los muchos porque estos son muy poderosos. Esa premisa hab\u00eda sido desechada en forma bastante sumaria con anterioridad <\/span>(<\/span>44d1<\/span><\/a>-e1). Ahora, <\/span>S\u00f3crates la examina con m\u00e1s detenimiento. Parte del hecho de que nunca obedece a nada de lo suyo m\u00e1s que a su propio <\/span>\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 <\/span>(<\/span>logos<\/i><\/span>)<\/span>, que se le aparece mejor cuando razona <\/span>(<\/span>\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9; <\/span>logizetai<\/i><\/span>): <\/span>tal vez obedezca <\/span>\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03b9 <\/span>(<\/span>l<\/i><\/span>ogoi<\/i><\/span>)<\/span> o sugerencias que estrictamente <\/span>hablando no<\/span> le pertenecen, como or\u00e1culos (<\/span>Apolog\u00eda de S\u00f3crates<\/i><\/span>, <\/span>20e5-6<\/span><\/a>), el <\/span>da<\/i><\/span>im<\/i><\/span>on<\/i><\/span>io<\/i><\/span>n<\/i><\/span> o las leyes (<\/span>52c8-9<\/span><\/a>). En la convers<\/span>aci\u00f3n <\/span>con Crit\u00f3n apenas alude a ese <\/span>daimonion<\/i><\/span>; no se refiere al hecho de que este aprob\u00f3 con su silencio su conducta en el juicio (<\/span>Apolog\u00eda de S\u00f3crates<\/i><\/span>, <\/span>40a4<\/a>-c3<\/span>), esa conducta que <\/span>Crit\u00f3n <\/span>censur\u00f3 con tanta severidad por su aparente falta de <\/span>virilidad (45e4-5<\/a>). Es <\/span>obvio que Crit\u00f3n estaba ton poco <\/span>impresionado por el testimonio del <\/span>daimonion<\/i><\/span> como por la predi<\/span>cci\u00f3n<\/span> transmitida a trav\u00e9s del sue\u00f1o de S\u00f3crates: no cre\u00eda en el <\/span>daimonion<\/i><\/span>. Aparte de jurar dos veces <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>por Zeus<\/span>\u00bb<\/span>, nunca habla de los dioses. Es sobrio o bastante pedestre y, en <\/span>consecuencia<\/span>, corto de miras, por lo cual le aburren las cosas que trascienden su esfera, su experiencia.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Perge ad sequ\u0113ns caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad initium paginae huius<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad indicem<\/a><\/p>\n The consideration of the just occupies externally the cent<\/span>re<\/span> in Kriton<\/a>\u2019s argument. In Socrates\u2019 reply it becomes the primary and the chief, not to say the sole, consideration. To justify this change, he must question Kriton\u2019s fundamental premise that one must respect the opinion of the many because the many are so powerful. That premise had been rather summarily dismissed before <\/span>(<\/span>44d1<\/span><\/a>-e1). Now <\/span>he examines it at some length. He starts from <\/span>t<\/span>he fact that he is always obedient to nothing other of what is his than the \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 <\/span>(<\/span>logos<\/i><\/span>) <\/span>which appears best to him when he reasons <\/span>(<\/span>\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9; <\/span>logizetai<\/i><\/span>): he may obey \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03b9 <\/span>(<\/span>l<\/i><\/span>ogoi<\/i><\/span>)<\/span>, or promptings, which are not properly speaking his, such as oracles (<\/span>Apology of Socrates<\/i><\/span>,<\/span> 20e5-6<\/span><\/a>) or the <\/span>da<\/i><\/span>im<\/i><\/span>o<\/i><\/span>ni<\/i><\/span>on<\/i><\/span> or the laws (<\/span>52c8-9<\/span><\/a>). In the conversation with Kriton he barely alludes to the <\/span>daimonion<\/i><\/span>; he does not refer to the fact that the <\/span>daimonion<\/i><\/span> approved by its silence of his conduct at the trial (<\/span>Apology of Socrates<\/i><\/span>, <\/span>40a4<\/span><\/a>-c3)<\/span>\u2014<\/span><\/strong>that conduct which Kriton so severely blamed because of its apparent lack of manliness (<\/span>45e4-5<\/span><\/a>). Kriton was Obviously as little impressed by the testimony of the <\/span>daimonion<\/i><\/span> as by the prediction conveyed through Socrates\u2019 dream: he did not believe in the <\/span>daimonion<\/i><\/span>. Apart from twice swearing \u201cby <\/span>Zeus<\/span>,\u201d he never speaks of the gods. He is sober or rather pedestrian, therefore narrow and hence somnolent regarding the things which transcend his sphere, his experience.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Perge ad sequ\u0113ns caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad initium paginae huius<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad indicem<\/a><\/p>\n El texto en lengua inglesa fue publicado de manera p\u00f3stuma en un volumen en honor al prof. Jacob Klein: Essais in Honor of Jacob Klein<\/em> (Annapol\u012b, \u0113 Typographe\u014d Acad\u0113m\u012bae S\u0101nct\u012b I\u014dhannis MCMLXXVI). Aunque nosotros tomamos como base lo aparecido en una antolog\u00eda dedicada a escritos del prof. Str\u016bthi\u014d en ingl\u00e9s en 1983: Studies in Platonic Political Philosophy<\/em> (Sicag\u012b, \u0113 Typographe\u014d \u016aniversit\u0101tis Sicag\u012b MCMLXXXIII). La versi\u00f3n castellana es obra de Aemilia Aquad\u012bs, aparecida en la traducci\u00f3n del volumen mencionado anteriormente (Bon\u0101eropol\u012b, \u0113 Typographe\u014d Am\u014drrort\u012b MMVIII). La publicaci\u00f3n de estos fragmentos promueve la difusi\u00f3n en castellano de la obra del profesor Le\u014dnardus Str\u016bthi\u014d con fines acad\u00e9micos y de formaci\u00f3n. Conminamos a visitar su biblioteca m\u00e1s cercana o adquirir el volumen f\u00edsico en su librer\u00eda de confianza.<\/span><\/p>\n Perge ad sequ\u0113ns caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad initium paginae huius<\/a><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/atriumphilosophicum.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Leo_Strauss_USA_1939-239x300.jpg\")
<\/p>\nVersi\u014d hisp\u0101nica Aemili\u0101 Aquad\u012bt\u012b auctr\u012bce 28<\/span><\/h1>\n
Le\u014dnard\u012b Str\u016bthi\u014dnis verba 28<\/span><\/h1>\n
I\u016bra<\/span><\/h1>\n
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