\u00abSobre la Apolog\u00eda de S\u00f3crates y el Crit\u00f3n de Plat\u00f3n\u00bb \/ II<\/span><\/p>\n Le\u014dnardus Str\u016bthi\u014d (1899-1973)<\/span><\/p>\n \u0112RVD\u012aTI\u014cRIBVS <\/span>***<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n Crit\u00f3n<\/span><\/a> ans<\/span>\u00ed<\/span>a que S\u00f3crates le obedezca y se salve, en <\/span>consideraci\u00f3n a <\/span>su persona. Aduce dos razones. Con la muerte de S\u00f3crates perder\u00e1 a un amigo irreemplazable y, sobre <\/span>todo, su reputaci\u00f3n sufrir\u00e1 un <\/span>da\u00f1o irreparable ante los <\/span>muchos que no <\/span>conocen bien a ninguno de los dos, ya que <\/span>pensar\u00e1n que <\/span>fracas\u00f3 en salvarlo porque no quiso gastar el <\/span>dinero <\/span>requerido para ese prop\u00f3sito: es deshonroso ser visto como alguien que tiene el dinero en m\u00e1s alta estima que a los amigos. (Este argumento implica que la mayor\u00eda que conden\u00f3 a muerte a S\u00f3crates tambi\u00e9n condenar\u00eda a sus <\/span>amigos <\/span>por no impedir ilegalmente su ejecuci\u00f3n, porque esa <\/span>mayor\u00eda <\/span>cree deshonroso tener en m\u00e1s alta estima el dinero que a los amigos.) S\u00f3crates ni siquiera intenta consolar a Crit\u00f3n por la p\u00e9rdida de su mejor amigo (porque tambi\u00e9n sufrir\u00eda esa p\u00e9rdida si S\u00f3crates abandonara Atenas como fugitivo de la justicia), pero le dice que su preocupaci\u00f3n por la opini\u00f3n de la mayor\u00eda es exagerada; el hecho de que, <\/span>guiados <\/span>por su opini\u00f3n, los muchos condenaran a muerte a <\/span>S\u00f3crates<\/span> no prueba, como supone Crit\u00f3n, que puedan infligir los mayores males; pueden hacerlo tan poco como pueden conceder los mayores bienes: son incapaces de convertir a los hombres en sensatos o tontos. S\u00f3crates no niega, por <\/span>supuesto, que <\/span>los muchos pueden causar males (cf. <\/span>Gorgias<\/i><\/span>, 469<\/span>b12).<\/span> Crit\u00f3n se ve as\u00ed obligado a presentar motivaciones m\u00e1s serias. Teme que S\u00f3crates no desee exponerlo y <\/span>exponer a sus otros amigos<\/span> a las acusaciones de delatores y, en consecuencia, a multas cuantiosas; si bien le ha pedido a aquel que se preocupe por su reputaci\u00f3n, tambi\u00e9n le pide que no se preocupe por sus abundantes bienes. Por cierto, S\u00f3crates no se ha mostrado indiferente a los posibles <\/span>sacrificios econ\u00f3micos de Crit\u00f3n<\/span>. Este le demuestra que no hay <\/span>raz\u00f3n <\/span>para inquietarse por ese motivo. En primer lugar, s\u00f3lo se necesita una peque\u00f1a suma de dinero para arreglar la <\/span>fuga<\/span> de la c\u00e1rcel y ayudarlo despu\u00e9s. En segundo lugar, <\/span>tampoco <\/span>hace falta mucho dinero para comprar el silencio de los delatores. En tercer lugar, si S\u00f3crates todav\u00eda se inquieta por el sacrificio de <\/span>Crit\u00f3n,<\/span> por peque\u00f1o que sea, no hay <\/span>necesidad <\/span>alguna de que este cargue con el gasto: <\/span>Si<\/span>m<\/span>mias de <\/span>Tebas<\/span><\/a> podr\u00eda afrontarlo y lo har\u00eda por s\u00ed solo. Por \u00faltimo, <\/span>S\u00f3crates no <\/span>debe preocuparse por su modo de vida en su lugar de refugio: en muchos lugares encontrar\u00e1 personas que lo tengan en alta estima. Crit\u00f3n menciona espec\u00edficamente <\/span>T<\/span>e<\/span>sal<\/span>i<\/span>a<\/span><\/a>, donde tiene buenas conexiones.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Perge ad sequ\u0113ns caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad initium paginae huius<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad indicem<\/a><\/p>\n Kriton<\/span><\/a> is eager that Socrates obey him and save himself for the sake of Kriton. He adduces two reasons. He will lose by Socrates\u2019 death an irreplaceable friend and, above all, his reputation with the many who do not know him and Socrates well will irreparably suffer, for they will think that he failed to save Socrates because he did not wish to spend the money required <\/span>f<\/span>or the purpose: it is disgraceful to be thought to esteem money more highly than friends. <\/span>(This <\/span>argument implies that the many who condemned So<\/span>c<\/span>rates to die also would condemn Socrates\u2019 friends for not illegally preventing his execution, for the many think that it is disgraceful to esteem money more highly than friends.) Socrates does not even attempt to comfort Kriton about the loss of his best friend (for he would incur that loss also if Socrates left Athens as a fugitive from justice) but he tells him that his concern with the opinion of the many is exaggerated; the fact that the many guided by their opinion condemned Socrates to death does not prove, as Kriton thinks, that they can inflict the greatest evils; they can do this as little as they can bestow the greatest goods: they cannot make men sensible or foolish. Socrates does not deny of course that they can inflict evils (cf. <\/span>Gorgias<\/i><\/span>, 469b12). Kriton is thus compelled to set forth more serious considerations. He fears that Socrates does not wish to expose Kriton and his other friends to accusations by informers and hence to heavy fines; while he has asked Socrates to worry about Kriton\u2019s reputation, he asks him not to worry about the wealthy Kriton\u2019s property. Socrates had indeed not been unmindful of Kriton\u2019s possible financial sacrifices. Kriton shows him that there is no reason for being concerned with the matter. In the first place only a small amount of money is required for arranging Socrates\u2019 jail break and for assisting him afterwards. Secondly, the informers can be bought off with small amounts of money. Thirdly, if Socrates still worries about Kriton\u2019s sacrifice, however small, the expense does not have to be borne by Kriton at all; <\/span>Simmias of Thebes<\/span><\/a> could and would single-handedly bear it. Finally, Socrates should not worry about his way of life in his place of refuge; in many places he will find people who will esteem him highly; Kriton mentions by name <\/span>Thessaly<\/span><\/a> where he, Kriton, has good connections.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Perge ad sequ\u0113ns caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad initium paginae huius<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad indicem<\/a><\/p>\n El texto en lengua inglesa fue publicado de manera p\u00f3stuma en un volumen en honor al prof. Jacob Klein: Essais in Honor of Jacob Klein<\/em> (Annapol\u012b, \u0113 Typographe\u014d Acad\u0113m\u012bae S\u0101nct\u012b I\u014dhannis MCMLXXVI). Aunque nosotros tomamos como base lo aparecido en una antolog\u00eda dedicada a escritos del prof. Str\u016bthi\u014d en ingl\u00e9s en 1983: Studies in Platonic Political Philosophy<\/em> (Sicag\u012b, \u0113 Typographe\u014d \u016aniversit\u0101tis Sicag\u012b MCMLXXXIII). La versi\u00f3n castellana es obra de Aemilia Aquad\u012bs, aparecida en la traducci\u00f3n del volumen mencionado anteriormente (Bon\u0101eropol\u012b, \u0113 Typographe\u014d Am\u014drrort\u012b MMVIII). La publicaci\u00f3n de estos fragmentos promueve la difusi\u00f3n en castellano de la obra del profesor Le\u014dnardus Str\u016bthi\u014d con fines acad\u00e9micos y de formaci\u00f3n. Conminamos a visitar su biblioteca m\u00e1s cercana o adquirir el volumen f\u00edsico en su librer\u00eda de confianza.<\/span><\/p>\n Perge ad sequ\u0113ns caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad initium paginae huius<\/a><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/atriumphilosophicum.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Leo_Strauss_USA_1939-239x300.jpg\")
<\/p>\nVersi\u014d hisp\u0101nica Aemili\u0101 Aquad\u012bt\u012b auctr\u012bce 26<\/span><\/h1>\n
Le\u014dnard\u012b Str\u016bthi\u014dnis verba 26<\/span><\/h1>\n
I\u016bra<\/span><\/h1>\n
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