\u1f28\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u1f70 \u039d\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 (\u1f08\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2)<\/span><\/p>\n OFFIC\u012aNA PHILOSOPH\u014cRVM <\/span>***<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n (1103b-1104a)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n Parte de:<\/span><\/p>\n \u00c9tica Nicom\u00e1quea \/ Libro II \/ [2. La recta acci\u00f3n y la moderaci\u00f3n]<\/span><\/p>\n\n <\/p>\n \u1f18\u03c0\u03b5\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f56\u03bd \u1f21 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u1f50 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f15\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u1f65\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03b1\u1f31 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9 (\u03bf\u1f50 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f35\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u1f30\u03b4\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03af \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u1f21 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u1f74 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1, \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1fbd \u1f35\u03bd\u1fbd \u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u1f76 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1, \u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72\u03bd \u1f02\u03bd \u1f26\u03bd \u1f44\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2), \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 [30]<\/b> \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c0\u1ff6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2\u00b7 \u03b1\u1f57\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03ac\u03c1 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03b9 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f15\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd. \u03c4\u1f78 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03bf\u1f56\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f40\u03c1\u03b8\u1f78\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9–\u1fe5\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u1fbd \u1f55\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03af \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u1f41 \u1f40\u03c1\u03b8\u1f78\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u1ff6\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2. [<\/b>1104a<\/b>]<\/b> [1]<\/b> \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03bf \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9, \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u1ff3 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f00\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u1ff6\u03c2 \u1f40\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f65\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f34\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f55\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u1f31 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03bf\u03b9\u00b7 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u1fbd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72\u03bd \u1f11\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9, \u1f65\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 [5]<\/b> \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f51\u03b3\u03b9\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac. \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u1fbd \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5, \u1f14\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u1fb6\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u1f41 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1fbd \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f00\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c2\u00b7 \u03bf\u1f54\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u1f54\u03b8\u1fbd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9, \u03b4\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03b4\u1fbd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b5\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1f65\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f30\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 [10]<\/b> \u03ba\u03c5\u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2. \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1f70 \u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd. \u03c0\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u1f56\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd, \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c6\u03c5\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1fbd \u1f10\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9, (\u03b4\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9) \u1f65\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f30\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f51\u03b3\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f41\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u00b7 [15]<\/b> \u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f10\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f30\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bd, \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u1f70 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f51\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd, \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f54\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u1ff4\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9. \u03bf\u1f55\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f56\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd. [20]<\/b> \u1f45 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c6\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u1f72\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f45 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u1f72\u03bd \u1f45\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1f70 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03b6\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03cd\u03c2\u00b7 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f41 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f21\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u1f41 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f65\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f04\u03b3\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 [25]<\/b> \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2\u00b7 \u03c6\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u1f74 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f21 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2, \u1f51\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u1ff4\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/span><\/p>\n Perge ad sequ\u0113ns caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad initium paginae huius<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad indicem<\/a><\/p>\n [2. La recta acci\u00f3n y la moderaci\u00f3n]<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n As\u00ed pues, puesto que el presente estudio no es te\u00f3rico como los otros (pues investigamos no para saber qu\u00e9 es la virtud, sino para ser buenos, ya que de otro modo ning\u00fan beneficio sacar\u00edamos de ella), debemos examinar lo relativo a las acciones, c\u00f3mo hay que realizarlas, pues ellas son las principales causas de la formaci\u00f3n de los diversos modos de ser, como hemos dicho.<\/span><\/p>\n Ahora bien, que hemos de actuar de acuerdo con la recta raz\u00f3n es com\u00fanmente aceptado y lo damos por supuesto (luego se hablar\u00e1 de ello, y de qu\u00e9 es la recta raz\u00f3n y c\u00f3mo se relaciona con las otras virtudes).1<\/a><\/sup>Todo esto ser\u00e1 objeto de una larga discusi\u00f3n en el libro VI.<\/span> [<\/b>1104a<\/b>]<\/b> Pero convengamos, primero, en que todo lo que se diga de las acciones debe decirse en esquema y no con precisi\u00f3n, pues ya dijimos al principio que nuestra investigaci\u00f3n ha de estar de acuerdo con la materia, y en lo relativo a las acciones y a la conveniencia no hay nada establecido, como tampoco en lo que ata\u00f1e a la salud. Y si tal es la naturaleza de una exposici\u00f3n general, con mayor raz\u00f3n la concerniente a lo particular ser\u00e1 menos precisa; pues \u00e9sta no cae bajo el dominio de ning\u00fan arte ni precepto, sino que los que act\u00faan deben considerar siempre lo que es oportuno, como ocurre en el arte de la medicina y de la navegaci\u00f3n. Pero aun siendo nuestro presente estudio de tal naturaleza, debemos intentar ser de alguna ayuda.<\/span><\/p>\n Primeramente, entonces, hemos de observar que est\u00e1 en la naturaleza de tales cosas el destruirse por defecto o por exceso, como lo observamos en el caso de la robustez y la salud (debemos, en efecto, servirnos de ejemplos manifiestos para aclarar los oscuros);2<\/a><\/sup> \u00c9ste es el llamado m\u00e9todo dial\u00e9ctico que va de lo m\u00e1s conocido a lo menos conocido: en efecto, las cosas del cuerpo son m\u00e1s conocidas que las del alma.<\/span> as\u00ed el exceso y la falta de ejercicio destruyen la robustez; igualmente, cuando comemos o bebemos en exceso, o insuficientemente, da\u00f1amos la salud, mientras que si la cantidad es proporcionada la produce, aumenta y conserva. As\u00ed sucede tambi\u00e9n con la moderaci\u00f3n, virilidad y dem\u00e1s virtudes: pues el que huye de todo y tiene miedo y no resiste nada se vuelve cobarde; el que no teme absolutamente a nada y se lanza a todos los peligros, temerario; asimismo, el que disfruta de todos los placeres y no se abstiene de ninguno, se hace licencioso, y el que los evita todos como los r\u00fasticos, una persona insensible. As\u00ed pues, la moderaci\u00f3n y la virilidad se destruyen por el exceso y por el defecto, pero se conservan por el t\u00e9rmino medio.<\/span><\/p>\n Ir al siguiente fragmento<\/a><\/p>\n Volver al fragmento anterior<\/a><\/p>\n Ir al inicio de la entrada<\/a><\/p>\n Ir al \u00cdndice<\/a><\/p>\n As then our present study, unlike the other branches of philosophy, has a practical aim <\/span>(f<\/span>or we are not investigating the nature of virtue for the sake of knowing what it is, but in order that we may become good, without which result our investigation would be of no use<\/span>), <\/span>we have consequently to carry our enquiry into the region of conduct, and to ask how we are to act rightly; since our actions, as we have said, determine the quality of our dispositions.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Now the formula \u2018to act in conformity with right principle\u2019 is common ground, and may be assumed as the basis of our discussion. <\/span>(W<\/span>e shall speak about this formula later,<\/span>3<\/a><\/sup>i.e., in Bk. 6. For the sense in which \u2018the right principle\u2019 can be said to be the virtue of Prudence see 6.13.5 note.<\/span><\/span> and consider both the definition of right principle and its relation to the other virtues.<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n [1104a]<\/b> But let it be granted to begin with that the whole theory of conduct is bound to be an outline only and not an exact system, in accordance with the rule we laid down at the beginning, that philosophical theories must only be required to correspond to their subject matter; and matters of conduct and expediency have nothing fixed or invariable about them, any more than have matters of health. And if this is true of the general theory of ethics, still less is exact precision possible in dealing with particular cases of conduct; for these come under no science or professional tradition, but the agents themselves have to consider what is suited to the circumstances on each occasion, just as is the case with the art of medicine or of navigation. But although the discussion now proceeding is thus necessarily inexact, we must do our best to help it out.<\/span><\/p>\n First of all then we have to observe, that moral qualities are so constituted as to be destroyed by excess and by deficiency\u2014as we see is the case with bodily strength and health <\/span>(<\/span>for one is forced to explain what is invisible by means of visible illustrations<\/span>).<\/span> Strength is destroyed both by excessive and by deficient exercises, and similarly health is destroyed both by too much and by too little food and drink; while they are produced, increased and preserved by suitable quantities. The same therefore is true of Temperance, Courage, and the other virtues. The man who runs away from everything in fear and never endures anything becomes a coward; the man who fears nothing whatsoever but encounters everything becomes rash. Similarly he that indulges in every pleasure and refrains from none turns out a profligate, and he that shuns all pleasure, as boorish persons do, becomes what may be called insensible. Thus Temperance and Courage are destroyed by excess and deficiency, and preserved by the observance of the mean.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Go to the next fragment<\/a><\/p>\n Go back to the previous fragment<\/a><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/atriumphilosophicum.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/images.jpeg\")
<\/p>\n\u0112thica Nic\u014dmachea L-II 004<\/span><\/h1>\n
\u00c9tica Nicom\u00e1quea L-II 004<\/span><\/h1>\n
Nicomachean Ethics L-II 004<\/span><\/h1>\n