![\"\"](\"https:\/\/atriumphilosophicum.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/plato_good-27-198x300.jpg\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Apolog\u00eda de S\u00f3crates<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Actitud de S\u00f3crates ante la sentencia de muerte<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n (36d-37c)<\/span><\/p>\n\n \u03c4\u03af \u03bf\u1f56\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f50\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c4\u1fc3 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1ff3 \u1f04\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f51\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u1fb3 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9; \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f14\u03c3\u03b8\u1fbd \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u1fb6\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd, \u1f66 \u1f04\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f08\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03b9, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f55\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f61\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f04\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b3\u03b5 \u03bc\u1fb6\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u1f22 \u03b5\u1f34 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f35\u03c0\u03c0\u1ff3 \u1f22 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u1f22 \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd \u1f48\u03bb\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd: \u1f41 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03b5\u1f50\u03b4\u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f10\u03b3\u1f7c \u03b4\u1f72 <\/span>[36<\/b><\/span>e<\/b><\/span>]<\/b><\/span> \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f41 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f10\u03b3\u1f7c \u03b4\u1f72 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9. \u03b5\u1f30 \u03bf\u1f56\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03be\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 <\/span>[37<\/b><\/span>a<\/b><\/span>]<\/b><\/span> \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f10\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u1f34\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f56\u03bd \u1f51\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f76 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u1ff6 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f65\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bf\u1f34\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2, \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03c5\u03b8\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2: \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd, \u1f66 \u1f04\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f08\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03b9, \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5 \u03bc\u1fb6\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd. \u03c0\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03b3\u1f7c \u1f11\u03ba\u1f7c\u03bd \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f00\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1f70 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u1f50 \u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b8\u03c9: \u1f40\u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u03af, \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f10\u03b3\u1fa6\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, \u03b5\u1f30 \u1f26\u03bd \u1f51\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2, \u1f65\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd <\/span>[37<\/b><\/span>b<\/b><\/span>]<\/b><\/span> \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1f70 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03c2, \u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f04\u03bd: \u03bd\u1fe6\u03bd \u03b4\u1fbd \u03bf\u1f50 \u1fe5\u1fb4\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u1ff3 \u1f40\u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9. \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f74 \u1f10\u03b3\u1f7c \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f00\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u03ad\u03c9 \u1f10\u03bc\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5 \u1f00\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f10\u03bc\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f04\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bc\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1ff7.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u03c4\u03af \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2; \u1f26 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u1f57 \u039c\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f45 \u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u03b5\u1f30\u03b4\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f54\u03c4\u1fbd \u03b5\u1f30 \u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u1f78\u03bd \u03bf\u1f54\u03c4\u1fbd \u03b5\u1f30 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd; \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u1f74 \u1f15\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f67\u03bd \u03b5\u1f56 \u03bf\u1f36\u03b4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2; \u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6; <\/span>[37<\/b><\/span>c<\/b><\/span>]<\/b><\/span> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03b6\u1fc6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u1ff3, \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f00\u03b5\u1f76 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1fc3 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u1fc7, \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f15\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1; \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1f70 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1f70 \u03c4\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u1f45\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03bd\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u1f74 \u1f14\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd: \u03bf\u1f50 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f41\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Perge ad sequ\u0113ns caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad initium paginae huius<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad indicem<\/a><\/p>\n Y \u00bfqu\u00e9 puede, pues, estarle bien a var\u00f3n pobre y bienhechor que pide solamente tener vagar para amonestaros? No hay, Varones atenienses, cosa que estuviera mejor que sustentar en el Prytaneo a un tal var\u00f3n, y mucho m\u00e1s, por cierto, que a cualquiera de vosotros que, en las Olimp\u00edadas, haya vencido a caballo o en biga o en cuadriga. Que \u00e9ste <\/span>os<\/span> hace creeros ser bienaventurados, pero yo os lo hago <\/span>[36e]<\/b><\/span> ser; y mientras que \u00e9l no necesita de mantenimiento, yo s\u00ed que lo necesito. Si, pues, es debido que se me d\u00e9 mi merecido seg\u00fan lo ajustado a mi dignidad, me doy como mi m<\/span>er<\/span>ecido <\/span>[37a]<\/b><\/span> el que se me sustente en el Prytaneo.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Tal vez habl\u00e1ndoos as\u00ed parezca que os hablo <\/span>m\u00e1s o<\/span> menos igual a como lo hice sobre lo de lamentaciones y <\/span>s\u00faplicas: altaneramente. Pero, no hay tal, Varones atenienses, sino estotro m\u00e1s bien: estoy persuadido de que, de intento, a nadie he hecho mal; aunque a vosotros no os lo persuada, \u2014que nos hemos puesto al habla muy poco tiempo.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Si,<\/span> cual es mi opini\u00f3n, hubiere entre vosotros, como lo<\/span> hay <\/span>entre otros hombres, ley de no juzgar sobre muerte en un solo d\u00eda, [37b]<\/strong> sino en muchos, tal vez os hubiera persuadido. Pero ahora no es f\u00e1cil deshacer en corto tiempo grandes calumnias. Persuadido, pues, como estoy de no haber hecho mal a nadie, ni de lejos voy a hac\u00e9rmelo a m\u00ed mismo ni decir yo mismo contra m\u00ed que soy digno de alg\u00fan mal, ni que <\/span>me haya <\/span>merecido cosa semejante.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u00bfQu\u00e9 habr\u00e9, pues, de temer? Si no acepto pacientemente lo que seg\u00fan <\/span>Mel<\/span>eto merezco, y que yo digo no saber si es bueno o malo, \u00bfvoy a escoger en vez de <\/span>ello<\/span> algo que sepa de buen saber que es malo, y <\/span>d\u00e1r<\/span>melo como condena? <\/span>\u00bf<\/span>Tal <\/span>vez la <\/span>prision?; [37c] <\/strong><\/span>\u00bfy, <\/span>por qu\u00e9 tener que vivir <\/span>en prisi\u00f3n, sometido <\/span>siempre a la guardia <\/span>e<\/span>stablecida por ley:<\/span> a los Once? <\/span>\u00bfTal vez multa pecuniaria, y estar preso hasta que termine de pagarla? \u00a1Pero esto es lo mismo que acabo de decir, pues no tengo cosa con que pagar!<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Perge ad sequ\u0113ns caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad initium paginae huius<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad indicem<\/a><\/p>\n Now what is fitting for a poor man who is your benefactor, and who needs leisure to exhort you? There is nothing, men of Athens, so fitting as that such a man be given his meals in the prytaneum. That is much more appropriate for me than for any of you who has won a race at the Olympic games with a pair of horses or a four-in-hand. For he makes you seem to be happy, whereas I make you happy in reality; [36e]<\/b> and he is not at all in need of sustenance, but I am needy. So if I must propose a penalty in accordance with my deserts, [37a]<\/b> I propose maintenance in the prytaneum.<\/span><\/p>\n Perhaps some of you think that in saying this, as in what I said about lamenting and imploring, I am speaking in a spirit of bravado; but that is not the case. The truth is rather that I am convinced that I never intentionally wronged anyone; but I cannot convince you of this, for we have conversed with each other only a little while.<\/span><\/p>\n I believe if you had a law, as some other people have, that capital cases should not be decided in one day, [37b]<\/strong> but only after several days, you would be convinced; but now it is not easy to rid you of great prejudices in a short time. Since, then, I am convinced that I never wronged any one, I am certainly not going to wrong myself, and to say of myself that I deserve anything bad, and to propose any penalty of that sort for myself.<\/span><\/p>\n Why should I? Through fear of the penalty that Meletus proposes, about which I say that I do not know whether it is a good thing or an evil? Shall I choose instead of that something which I know to be an evil? What penalty shall I propose? Imprisonment? [37c]<\/b> And why should I live in prison a slave to those who may be in authority? Or shall I propose a fine, with imprisonment until it is paid? But that is the same as what I said just now, for I have no money to pay with.<\/span><\/p>\n Perge ad sequ\u0113ns caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad initium paginae huius<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad indicem<\/a><\/p>\n EN CONSTRVCCION<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n EN CONSTRVCCION<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Perge ad sequ\u0113ns caput<\/a><\/p>\n Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n Perge ad initium paginae huius<\/a><\/p>\n\u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03a3\u03c9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 033<\/span><\/h1>\n
Apologia S\u014dcratis 033<\/span><\/h1>\n
Apology of Socrates 033<\/span><\/h1>\n
Conversaciones en el \u0100trium Philosophicum<\/span><\/h1>\n
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