<\/p>\n

Apolog\u00eda de S\u00f3crates<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Cuerpo de la defensa que de s\u00ed y de su misi\u00f3n social hace S\u00f3crates<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(20e-21d)<\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03a3\u03c9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 007<\/span><\/h1>\n

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\u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f10\u03b3\u1f7c \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u1f51\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03af: \u2018\u03c4\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f41 \u03b8\u03b5\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u1f30\u03bd\u03af\u03c4\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9; \u1f10\u03b3\u1f7c \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u03b4\u1f74 \u03bf\u1f54\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bf\u1f54\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1 \u1f10\u03bc\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f64\u03bd: \u03c4\u03af \u03bf\u1f56\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03bc\u1f72 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9; \u03bf\u1f50 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c8\u03b5\u03cd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af \u03b3\u03b5: \u03bf\u1f50 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7.\u2019 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u1f7a\u03bd \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u1f20\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9: \u1f14\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u1f70 \u1f10\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd. \u1f26\u03bb\u03b8\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03af \u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f61\u03c2 [21<\/b>c<\/b>]<\/b> \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u1f34\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78 \u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03bc\u1ff7 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u2018\u03bf\u1f51\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u1f76 \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9, \u03c3\u1f7a \u03b4\u1fbd \u1f10\u03bc\u1f72 \u1f14\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1.\u2019 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bf\u1f56\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u2014\u1f40\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, \u1f26\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f43\u03bd \u1f10\u03b3\u1f7c \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9 \u1f14\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03bd, \u1f66 \u1f04\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f08\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03b9, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7\u2014\u1f14\u03b4\u03bf\u03be\u03ad \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f57\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 \u1f00\u03bd\u1f74\u03c1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1ff7, \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u1fbd \u03bf\u1f54: \u03ba\u1f04\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c2, \u03b5\u1f34\u03b7 \u03b4\u1fbd \u03bf\u1f54. [21<\/b>d<\/b>]<\/b> \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03bf\u1f56\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03b5 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b7\u03c7\u03b8\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd: \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bc\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b4\u1fbd \u03bf\u1f56\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03b9\u1f7c\u03bd \u1f10\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03b3\u1f7c \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03b9: \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u1f78\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03b4\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1fbd \u03bf\u1f57\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03bf\u1f34\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f30\u03b4\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u03b5\u1f30\u03b4\u03ce\u03c2, \u1f10\u03b3\u1f7c \u03b4\u03ad, \u1f65\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03bf\u1f56\u03bd \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u03bf\u1f36\u03b4\u03b1, \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9: \u1f14\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f03 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03bf\u1f36\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f30\u03b4\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Perge ad indicem<\/a><\/p>\n

Apologia S\u014dcratis 007<\/span><\/h1>\n

Y ahora, Varones atenienses, no os alborot\u00e9is aunque parezca que digo de m\u00ed grandes cosas, que no dir\u00e9 con palabras m\u00edas lo que voy a decir, sino con las de un testigo de todo respeto para vosotros. Os presento como testigo de mi sabidur\u00eda, si es que en realidad es sabidur\u00eda y sea cual fuere, a Dios: el de Delfos.<\/span><\/p>\n

Conoc\u00e9is sin duda de alguna manera a Querefonte. Fue mi camarada de juventud, y camarada tambi\u00e9n de la mayor\u00eda de vosotros; comparti\u00f3 con vosotros el reciente destierro, [21a]<\/b> y con vosotros volvi\u00f3. Y sab\u00e9is por cierto c\u00f3mo era Querefonte, \u00a1cu\u00e1n esforzado en todo lo que emprend\u00eda! Habiendo, pues, ido una vez a Delfos se atrevi\u00f3 a pedir un or\u00e1culo sobre lo siguiente; y os repito, Varones, el ruego de que no alborot\u00e9is; pregunt\u00f3, pues, Querefonte si hab\u00eda alguno m\u00e1s sabio que yo. La Pythia neg\u00f3 que hubiera alguien m\u00e1s sabio que yo. Y sobre este punto, ya que Querefonte ha muerto, su hermano, aqu\u00ed presente en persona, podr\u00e1 daros testimonio. [21b]<\/b> Considerad, empero, por qu\u00e9 os digo estas cosas; porque quiero explicaros de d\u00f3nde me ha nacido la calumnia.<\/span><\/p>\n

Habiendo, pues, o\u00eddo tal or\u00e1culo pens\u00e9 en mi \u00e1nimo: \u00ab\u00bfqu\u00e9 dice el Dios, y qu\u00e9 pretende con tal dicho dar a entender?; que no me s\u00e9 sabio, ni poco ni mucho. \u00bfQu\u00e9, pues, querr\u00e1 decir al afirmar que soy el m\u00e1s sabio?, porque de ninguna manera miente, que no le es l\u00edcito mentir\u00bb. Y durante mucho tiempo anduve desorientado sobre \u00abqu\u00e9 es lo que dice\u00bb. Despu\u00e9s, de muy mala gana, emprend\u00ed [21c]<\/b> la comprobaci\u00f3n de la siguiente manera: me dirig\u00ed a uno de los que pasaban por sabios, a fin de poner a prueba all\u00ed, mejor que en parte alguna, el or\u00e1culo y demostrar al or\u00e1culo con sus mismas palabras que \u00ab\u00e9ste s\u00ed que es m\u00e1s sabio que yo, aunque t\u00fa dijiste ser yo\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Examinando, pues, a este personaje \u2014no es menester que os diga su nombre, era uno de los pol\u00edticos, en quien me fij\u00e9 para tal fin\u2014 recib\u00ed, Varones atenienses, la siguiente impresi\u00f3n: me pareci\u00f3, dialogando con \u00e9l, que el tal var\u00f3n parec\u00eda sabio a otros y aun a muchos hombres, y sobre todo se lo parec\u00eda a s\u00ed mismo; mas no lo era. E intent\u00e9 entonces demostrarle que \u00e9l se cre\u00eda sabio, [21d]<\/b> pero que no lo era. Lo que consegu\u00ed fue volverme odioso a \u00e9l y a muchos de los presentes. Al separarme, pues, de \u00e9l, iba pensando para m\u00ed: \u00abpor cierto que soy m\u00e1s sabio que este hombre, porque, en realidad de verdad, cada uno de nosotros dos corremos el peligro de no saber nada ni de bello-ni-de-bueno; mas \u00e9l cree saber sin saber; mientras que yo, como no s\u00e9 nada, nada me creo saber. Parece, pues, que soy m\u00e1s sabio que \u00e9l en esto poquito: en no creer saber lo que no s\u00e9\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Perge ad sequ\u0113ns caput<\/a><\/p>\n

Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n

Perge ad initium paginae huius<\/a><\/p>\n

Perge ad indicem<\/a><\/p>\n

Apology of Socrates 007<\/span><\/h1>\n

And, men of Athens, do not interrupt me with noise, even if I seem to you to be boasting; for the word which I speak is not mine, but the speaker to whom I shall refer it is a person of weight. For of my wisdom\u2014if it is wisdom at all\u2014and of its nature, I will offer you the god of Delphi as a witness. You know Chaerephon, I fancy.<\/span><\/p>\n

[21a]<\/b> He was my comrade from a youth and the comrade of your democratic party, and shared in the recent exile and came back with you. And you know the kind of man Chaerephon was, how impetuous in whatever he undertook. Well, once he went to Delphi and made so bold as to ask the oracle this question; and, gentlemen, don\u2019t make a disturbance at what I say; for he asked if there were anyone wiser than I. Now the Pythia replied that there was no one wiser. And about these things his brother here will bear you witness, since Chaerephon is dead. [21b]<\/b> But see why I say these things; for I am going to tell you whence the prejudice against me has arisen. For when I heard this, I thought to myself: \u201cWhat in the world does the god mean, and what riddle is he propounding? For I am conscious that I am not wise either much or little. What then does he mean by declaring that I am the wisest? He certainly cannot be lying, for that is not possible for him.\u201d And for a long time I was at a loss as to what he meant; then with great reluctance I proceeded to investigate him somewhat as follows.<\/span><\/p>\n

I went to one of those who had a reputation for wisdom, [21c]<\/b> thinking that there, if anywhere, I should prove the utterance wrong and should show the oracle \u201cThis man is wiser than I, but you said I was wisest.\u201d So examining this man\u2014for I need not call him by name, but it was one of the public men with regard to whom I had this kind of experience, men of Athens\u2014and conversing with him, this man seemed to me to seem to be wise to many other people and especially to himself, but not to be so; and then I tried to show him that he thought [21d]<\/b> he was wise, but was not. As a result, I became hateful to him and to many of those present; and so, as I went away, I thought to myself, \u201cI am wiser than this man; for neither of us really knows anything fine and good, but this man thinks he knows something when he does not, whereas I, as I do not know anything, do not think I do either. I seem, then, in just this little thing to be wiser than this man at any rate, that what I do not know I do not think I know either.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Perge ad sequ\u0113ns caput<\/a><\/p>\n

Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n

Perge ad initium paginae huius<\/a><\/p>\n

Perge ad indicem<\/a><\/p>\n

Conversaciones en el \u0100trium Philosophicum<\/span><\/h1>\n

EN CONSTRVCCION<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

EN CONSTRVCCION<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Perge ad sequ\u0113ns caput<\/a><\/p>\n

Redde ad prius caput<\/a><\/p>\n

Perge ad initium paginae huius<\/a><\/p>\n

Perge ad indicem<\/a><\/p>\n

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